The Start of Islam Essay -- Islam Muslim Religion

The Start of Islam   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Out of the many interesting religions of the Far East Islam has quite a uniqueness to it. The name, Islam stems from the word â€Å"salam,† that means peace. The word â€Å"Muslim,† which means a follower of Islam, refers to a person who submits him or her self to the will of God. Many religious experts believe that the prophet Muhammad founded Islam in the year 622 CE. Muhammad was believed to have lived from 570-632 CE. This particular religion started when the angel Jibreel read the first revelation to Muhammad. We know already that the followers of Islam are called Muslims. The Muslims believe in the â€Å"one true God,† which they call Allah.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Muhammad was born in the year 570 CE. When he was growing up, he was sent into the desert in order for a roster family to raise him. The young Muhammad was orphaned when he was 6 years old but brought up by his uncle. While Muhammad was young, he worked mostly as a shepherd. Later on in his youth, he was given the job of being a camel driver on the trade routes between Syria and Arabia. Throughout his travel, he meat many people of different religious beliefs. Muhammad was able to observe members of Christianity, Pagan, and Judaism religions. After Muhammad married, there was more time for meditation for him. Supposedly, at or around the age of forty, the angel Gabriel (Jibreel) visited him while he was in Mecca. From then on he believed that he had been ordained a prophet by Gabriel, and that his concern was co...

Cadence in Shakespeare

Cadence is an often overlooked aspect of writing that is significant in the attempt to understand the meaning of text. The use of cadence is most often only considered relevant in an approach to poetry or music; however, poetic form is used in other genres of writing and is an applicable approach to literary criticism. An author’s intended message is intricately woven into the cadence in which the words are to be delivered. In order to appreciate the words of Shakespeare, in particular, one must consider the implications of intended cadence.Although Shakespeare’s work can be enjoyed through a silent reading, certain nuances of his plays are lost without the aspect of performance or delivery in which the cadence is more visible. In an article from The Sunday Telegraph London Charles Spencer approaches the importance of cadence in performances of Shakespeare. He gets his point across very well by stating that: Anyone who has been to see Shakespeare in the theatre recently will recognize this experience.An actor is â€Å"tearing a passion† to tatters and after what seems like several yards of fraught blank verse, you belatedly realize that you have barely the faintest clue as to what he’s been banging on about. The odd word or phrase sinks in, but even speeches you know well on the page seem shrouded in obscurity on the stage. Luckily this is not always the case. Many of us have also had the pleasure of watching a performance in which the actors manage to â€Å"deliver the verse with such clarity that even Shakespeare’s knottiest, and most clotted passages make crystalline sense† (Spencer).An enjoyable performance of Shakespeare relies on the proper delivery of cadence. The intended meaning can be completely lost if the cadence is not delivered correctly. So how do we discern the intended cadence? Peter Hall, author of Shakespeare’s Advice to the Players, â€Å"insists that Shakespeare himself provides all the clue s about how to speak his verse . . . moment by moment, and line by line† (Spencer). There are many elements involved in determining cadence. Read more about Dramatic CriticismAccording to Hall one must first study the â€Å"mechanics of blank verse, whose unit is iambic pentameter† and in addition one must also focus on the â€Å"structure of the line, scansion, the caesura, monosyllables, pauses, alliteration and rhyme† (Spencer). He goes on to say that Shakespeare â€Å"tells the actor when, but he never tells him why or how† (Spencer). The why or how of delivering Shakespeare’s verse is left to the interpretation of the reader or performer. Spencer concludes this article by saying that:Shakespeare’s text is a complex score that demands to be read as a piece of music, learned like the steps of a dance, or practiced like the stroke of a duel . . . but the paradox of art is that the rules of form must always be challenged in order to achieve spontaneity. Yet they must not be completely destroyed. There is a balance between discipline and freedom which only the great creative genius or th e astonishing performer can achieve. Let’s look at the mechanics of blank verse. Blank verse is defined as unrhymed iambic pentameter.Iambic pentameter is a metrical pattern in poetry which consists of five iambic feet per line (Meyer 1617). In Freeing Shakespeare’s Voice Kristen Linklater states that â€Å"Rhythm takes language and adds an innermost drive that moves it, shakes it, and channels it† (92). She goes on to say that â€Å"A poet uses rhythm to shape language into dramatic peaks and valleys, and major clues to topography of any given scene in a Shakespeare play are to be found in its rhythmic dynamics† (92). Linklater also states that:The verse rhythm that reigns supreme in Shakespeare is iambic pentameter [which is] the basic rhythm of the English language . . . and by the end of the sixteenth century, the development of prosody had determined five to be the most satisfying number of iambic feet per line for English dramatic, or heroic, verse. † Furthermore, In Speak the Speech! Shakespeare’s Monologues Illuminated, authors Rhona Silverbush and Sami Plotkin explain that â€Å"Verse is an efficient and compelling means of communication.It enables the author to convey more layers of meaning in fewer words† and â€Å"Because verse is an elevated form of language, it elevates the dramatic experience† (246). Caesura is a pause within a line of poetry that contributes to the rhythm of the line (Meyer 1617). Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of words, usually at the beginning of a word or stressed syllable (Meyer 1615). And rhyme is defined as the repetition of identical or similar concluding syllables in different words, most often at the ends of lines (Meyer 1633).All of these elements are in the structure of a line and Shakespeare uses these elements in his writing. Therefore the structure of the line seems to hold the key to the intended cadence. Rhythm is w hat makes poetry and music flow. It is what makes a speech memorable. And if used correctly it signifies the importance of what is being said. It is a subtle way of getting a point across and accentuating what the speaker or author wants you to hear. The way a line is read can change the impression made on the audience as much as the words that they hear.In an article entitled â€Å"The sound of Your Stories† Philip Martin states that â€Å"Cadence in literary terms is the rhythm or metre of a stream of words, how the flowing phrases sound on the ear. It is derived from the Latin, â€Å"to fall† – the rise and fall of the poetic beat or the inflection of the human voice†. Similarly, in an article written by Dennis Jackson, it is said that â€Å"Signaling significance, cadence authenticates your voice†. Furthermore Jackson states that â€Å"A cadence is a pause that meaningfully punctuates the flow of music.Similarly, in our writing, cadences are s tress points, moments where syntax and substance team up to convey special meaning†. He then goes on to say that â€Å"Cadences are the drumbeats that sound through our prose signaling significance to readers, telling them how the writing is to be read†. He uses Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ’s â€Å"I have a dream† speech to illustrate how cadence can affect the way we hear or read words. He mentions rhetorical techniques that King uses such as grammatical parallelism, repetition, and manipulation of sentence lengths â€Å"to achieve rhythm and affect cadences that underscore his main points† (Jackson).In Simply Shakespeare, Widdicombe mentions that â€Å"if pace doesn’t change monotony sets in† (171). He looks at Hamlet and proposes â€Å"can he [Shakespeare] hold an audience’s attention for more than four hours and almost 4000 lines? The answer is a resounding â€Å"?yes’† (172). One of the reasons given for Shake speare being able to successfully keep the audience’s attention is the way â€Å"Shakespeare applies his stagecraft to the play’s pacing† (172). Another important aspect of cadence is brought to light by Jackson G. Barry.In an article entitled â€Å"Shakespeare’s ‘Deceptive Cadence’: A Study in the structure of Hamlet,† Barry â€Å"puts forth the concept of deceptive cadence, which is a musical term associated with classical music in which the generally assumed and thus logical conclusion given by the chord progression is broken and replaced with some other, not as fitting or perfect, chord†. According to Barry â€Å"this deceptive cadence can be found throughout Hamlet, but becomes especially prevalent during the third act, in which Hamlet kills Polonius†.The idea is that the â€Å"deceptive cadence† used in Hamlet â€Å"serves to prolong and extend the play into the full five act form† and â€Å"without t he use of this deceptive cadence, Hamlet would have been able to move forward with his plans for vengeance and would have had nothing to mark or scar his own conscience† (Barry). He states that â€Å"until this point the play had been building with steady momentum but this tragic turn of events breaks up the standard and logical progression of the play and thus diverts Hamlet from his true task and goals†.Without this â€Å"deceptive cadence† Barry states that â€Å"the true element of tragedy would have been lost, and with it a great deal of substance from the piece†. So now we have the idea of â€Å"deceptive cadence† to contend with. The way a story slows down or changes direction therefore can also affect the meaning of a work. Shakespeare adds a great deal to the play by using this â€Å"deceptive cadence† in Hamlet in order to change the mood and add to the tragedy of the story. â€Å"Round and around, like creatures gone slightly mad, the students march to a slow, rhythmic chant.Their eerie cadence rises to the upper rows of the gloomy concrete theater, its effect both lyrical and unnerving† (Jones). Tone and emotion are portrayed through cadence. Shakespeare’s words are well known by many people. Even those who have not read or seen his work can recognize, or even recite, a Shakespearean quote. His use of the English language is certainly beautiful. He paints a picture for the audience with his words and manipulates the language in order to achieve the desired effect. Shakespeare manages to portray the effect of every human emotion.According to Ralph Waldo Emerson â€Å"reading for the sense will best bring out the rhythm† he states that Shakespeare’s secret is â€Å"that the thought constructs the tune. † The process of understanding and performing Shakespeare is a task attained on many levels. Not only must one consider the â€Å"mechanics† but also the thought process behind the author’s intentions. Poetic form is a complicated work of art that can not be approached without understanding the importance of cadence. The voice makes all the difference. Once you have heard how the lines are supposed to be delivered, it is much easier to appreciate and understand Shakespeare.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay - 1959 Words

Most people who experience severe trauma, as in military combat, will eventually develop post-traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD). I chose this topic because I have always been interested in PSTD and what causes PTSD, and how to reduce or cure PTSD. I often feel touched or sad for people who have PTSD and I know some people who have PTSD. For people with PTSD, they often get flashbacks of the trauma incident and then they get angry or scared. I want to help them and hand them my support as I learn how to help them. I have family members who have PTSD and PTSD has definitely impacted/affected their lives. Unfortunately, it should not change their lives, but they do. I would like to help them to change their perspective of how they could live through their PTSD and how they can overcome the fear. I know that it would not be easy to move on with their trauma and it takes a lot of time to put it aside. Some people with PTSD never got therapy sessions to help how to overcome or handle their trauma. Often, the people with PTSD would reject therapy because they do not want someone to know their story or feeling uncomfo rtable. I would like to learn more about the topic and maybe become a clinical psychologist in one day. I like to help and support people to recover from their issues. I believe that clinical or counseling psychology is a right place to go and ask for support to recover. This is one of the reasons why I would like to focus on the topic. The misconception means a viewShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )990 Words   |  4 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common anxiety disorder characterized by chronic physical arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts and images of the traumatic event, and avoidance of things that can call the traumatic event into mind (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, Nock, 2014). About 7 percent of Americans suffer from PTSD. Family members of victims can also develop PTSD and it can occur in people of any age. The diagnosis for PTSD requires one or more symptoms to beRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1471 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Student’s Name Course Title School Name April 12, 2017  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that many people are facing every day, and it appears to become more prevalent. 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In 2014, Chris Kyle playedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1198 Words   |  5 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a mental illness that is triggered by witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event. â€Å"PTSD was first brought to public attention in relation to war veterans, but it can result from a variety of traumatic incidents, such as mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes(NIMH,2015).† PTSD is recognized as a psychobiological mentalRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1423 Words   |  6 Pages Mental diseases and disorders have been around since humans have been inhabiting earth. The field of science tasked with diagnosing and treating these disorders is something that is always evolving. 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We can express our appreciation to our veterans by creating more support programs, help them go back to what they enjoy the most, and let them know we view them as a human not a disgrace. According to the National Care of PTSD, a government created program, published an article and provides the basic definition and common symptoms of PTSD. Post-traumaticRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1780 Words   |  8 Pagesmental illnesses. One such illness is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental illness that affects a person’s sympathetic nervous system response. A more common name for this response is the fight or flight response. 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